We study a stabilizable mechanical system in the vicinity of an equilibrium position. This
position, as a rule, is unstable, and the system is underactuated. It is assumed that faults
affect the technical process and its control. We suggest a fault diagnosis technique based on
estimation of Lyapunov characteristic exponents of measured variables. A model of a linear
switching system is involved for the system with faults description, and a common quadratic
Lyapunov function is used to evaluate the deviation of the maximum exponent with respect
to the default system. A scheme of fault magnitude estimation is suggested related to the
degree of this deviation. An example of a 2-degree of freedom system is presented to illustrate
the procedure.
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